24 (LH 979.6) AMV (5) and NT (959.4) have . Translation of theMaitreya-Vykaraamfrom Sanskrit with reference to Tibetan and French translations, includes introduction and bibliography. Review of Matsumoto Bunzabur, Miroku Jdo Ron (Etude de La Terre-Pure de Maitreya). Bulletin de lcole Franaise dExtrme-Orient 11 (1911): 43957. Having accepted the well-obtained precepts and the teachings, those beings have gone to the teachings, and you beings have gone [for refuge] to the Buddha, the teaching, and the community, and because of performing that meritorious deed, you have approached my teachings. Pigala (tawny, gold-colored) is located in, Kaliga, a historical region on the east coast of India below Calcutta. ), whereas to our modern secular ears the word doctrine connotes more of a dogmatic rule than a true description of reality. 49 (AMV 11), (LH 981.7, NT 961.4). LH (979.5) has The Indian notion of a world-ruling king harkens back to the Veda Avamedha sacrifice, in which a horse would be released and the king and his army would follow it for a year conquering anyone in its path. . ac was the goddess of beauty. 403-404. (26), The minister48 of this king will be the brhmaa Subrahmaa.49 A very learned50 man who knows the four Vedas, he will be the kings teacher. Instead of the four signs of suffering and release that inspires Siddhrtha to renounce his home, the future Maitreya is disillusioned by the sundering of the sacrificial post (verses 50-51). Tibetan has , though Jim Valby has honor as a definition of, Atkinson, David W. Maitreya, the Future Buddha., Lvi, Sylvain. The lord of men will decorate that sacrificial post with various jewels. Modern technology, and especially Unicode, has obviated that difficulty, and I personally cannot help but feel that the continued use of transliteration has latent undertones of vestigial Colonialism, though I do use it, in some situations where it is unavoidable, numbers from the printed edition edited by Majumder. 51 (AMV 11), (LH 982.2; NT 961.5). Sanatan Dharma places a huge emphasis on teaching through representations of anything and everything that concerns them. Jambudvpa (the continent of Jambu [trees]) is one of the four main continents surrounding Mount Meru. (6) [5], Also at that time the people of that country will indeed flourish, and their wealth will be without end. The difference here in. When translating, I try to be as faithful as possible to original as far as I understand it. It shows the synthesis underlying the political, social, economic and spiritual changes now occurring on a worldwide scale and seeks to stimulate . 73A has Maitreya indeed the pinnacle of people ( , AMV p15., n.1) and the Tibetan repeats the greatest of bipeds (, LH 984.2, NT 973.5). Cambridge [Cambridgeshire], New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988. http://search.lib.virginia.edu/catalog/u1243726. The Tibetan is not any clearer on that account: (LH 987.2-987.3, NT 966.3-966.4). However, they repeat phrases from verses 83 and 85. (AMV 18 n.3). The Buddhistgenre known as Legends, or Avadna,2 refers to stories that demonstrate the workings of karma by connecting a previous lifes virtuous or non-virtuous actions to a subsequent lifes beneficial or harmful outcomes respectively. I bow to you, highest of beings!149 O your eminence,150 you who are the pinnacle of men, have compassion on the community! (92), At that point Mra, son of the gods, with his great magical powers, will be there. Tibetan agrees with the plural subject (LH 988.6-988.7, NT 967.7-968.1). 2 . At the end of the year the horse would be sacrificed to the gods. time in the future his tree of enlightenment will be, ). 34 (LH 980.6; NT 960.3) AMV (8) has , but LH and NT clearly have though in both texts the looks like a . 19, * (AMV, 4; LH 979.4; NT 959.1). 23 (AMV 5; LH 979.5; NT 959.2). 169 (AMV 30, missing in edition A/Lvi). 164 (AMV 29), (LH 990.6, NT 969.4). The Tibetan is (LH, p 985.1; NT 964.3) The closest root for that Sanskrit future tense is (to scatter, disperse, cleave or split) but its future 3rd person plural should be , though this could be accounted for by BHS. See Whitney. The Tibetan consistently translates this as which generally means faith but has a secondary meaning of serenity, confidence. It will indeed be 12 yojanas long and 7 yojanas wide. , that term best fits all the parameters here. Having heard this extraordinary [tale] and having seen such abundant good fortune, Therefore, those who, here and now, are desirous of emancipation. the age-old translators dilemma of translating the words versus the meaning, I fallas most dosomewhere in the middle. (32b), He will be unsoiled by the crud of the womb like a water-lily [is unsoiled] by [dirty] water. ) is also not represented in the Tibetan. Seeing that the audience is receptive, [Maitreya] will speak these truths, and having heard them, they will thus attain to the truth. Full references are listed in the Bibliography. . MW (533.2) equates this with the Ngaruka tree, or the Sweet Orange tree (Citrus sinensis). Page numbers for the three primary editions used (Majumders edition of the Sanskrit and the two Tibetan translations) will be in brackets in smaller font. The other half of the name, , means having, possessing. New York: New York University Press, JJC Foundation, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015077136920?urlappend=%3Bsignon=swle:urn:mace:incommon:virginia.edu. No sigla is given for the Sanskrit with these intertextual paginations, but the sigla AMV is used in footnotes. However, the text was probably written somewhere between the end of the 2nd century CE and the beginning of the 3rd. I am interpreting it as (=) plus (faultless). Gilgit manuscripts date between 400 to 600 C.E. I have decided to retranslate it mainly in order to refresh and practice my woefully inadequate knowledge of Sanskrit but also with the motivation to provide a full, fresh English translation of this treatise for faith-based Buddhism. The Buddha describes long lifespans of 80,000 years, but the stage of the stra and its prophecy do not extend beyond this Buddha realm. See N. Pri, Review of Matsumoto Bunzabur, does not thoroughly source his argument, which, seems primarily based on hypothetical reconstructions of Sanskrit titles from Chinese, and. See note 21. Answer (1 of 5): Maitreya is the Antichrist as in not Christ. He would then concentrate on all the buddhas and make the following aspiration: 1. The meaning here seems to be closer to, (reality) since it is described as the highest level (. Each treasure is associated with a different region of ancient India. "Classical" portrayals often show him . The Lions Roar on the Turning of the Wheel Discourse (cakkavatti-shanda-sutta) in Maurice Wallace, tr., Thus Have I Heard: The Long Discourses of the Buddha (London: Wisdom Publications, 1987), p. 403. Furthermore, I have done it in isolation with. was the first full translation I undertook. The notion here is that the oceans recede creating a path for such a world-ruling king to circumscribe the whole world. Having sprinkled saffron water and rubbed sandalwood paste on the stpas of the sage of the kyas, you have indeed come into my teachings. The form of the verb in this verse is third person singular. He also will cup his hands together and praise the guide of the world. Stras which focus on Maitreya, such as the Maitreyavyakarana (Maitreya Prophecy) and The Sutra That Expounds the Descent of Maitreya Buddha (Taisho 454). , , . ) as endowed with brightness but as having flags, or more creatively festooned.. Early versions of such stories are found throughout the Buddhist canon, with birth-stories of the Buddha, the Legends of the Bodhisattvaor as he translates, The Garland of Great Achievements by the Bodhisattva (, with one foot in the Hnayna literature, and the other in that of the Mahyna.. Moreover, the figure of Indra, another mainstay of Brahmic culture, seems to have played an increasingly prominent role in the story over time. 144Edition A and Tibetan has: Those men with clear minds, the sons of the gods who have great supernatural powers, will worship the teacher [Maitreya] with parasols, flags, banners, incense and anointed garlands, along with the sound of music that is pleasant [to hear] (: : [AMV p. 26], [LH 989.2-989.3]). Tib. The middle line of the Sanskrit verse, , is only found in edition B. Vol. Furthermore, upon his birth Maitreyas father will see his sons two potential destiniesbecoming a world ruler or a Buddhabut unlike uddhodana, the Buddhas father, Maitreyas father will take no steps to prevent his sons renunciation. Its sigla is AMV. The Tibetan also uses the verb to touch: (LH 985.2, NT 964.4). 102Tibetan has will definitely emerge from [being a] house[holder] (, LH 986.4, NT 965.6). 117Reliquary mounds usually containing the relics of the Buddha or a Buddhist saint. MAITREYA EXPLAINED IN "THE SECRET DOCTRINE" There is a prophecy on Maitreya (Jampa) known to Buddhists, and is very briefly discussed in "The Secret Doctrine."Helena P. Blavatsky never applies any interpretation to Maitreya throughout the entirety of her collected writings, except to extremely brief mentions, that was not already known to the Hindus and the Buddhists. 18Possibly the earliest reference to Maitreya in the Buddhas teachings can be found in a stra in the Collection of Long Discourses or Dgha Nikya. These will be pacified Hearers whose minds are pacified. : , 1800. http://tbrc.org/link?RID=O01JW005|O01JW00501JW15936$W22703. 173 (AMV 30), (LH 991.3). is equivalent to two extended arms (MW, 1038.1). The Form Realm is populated by higher level beings who in their past life have achieved one of four meditative stabilizations. The narrative however does participate in the glorification of the Buddha that had become common-place by the early days of the Great Vehicle. (28), At that time, a woman with the name of Brahmvat51 will be his wife. Maitreya lists a number of such devotional actions of the lay community that will result in a follower being part of Maitreyas retinue in the future: worshiping at stpas (he mentions this twice), giving gifts to the Sangha, taking vows according to the teaching, observing upoadha (Pli uposatha) fasting days12 (a primarily lay ritual), and going for refuge. Ketumat (= ) is the name of akhas capital city. illuminates to Maitreya the transitory, decaying nature of the world and prompts him to leave his home. (65) [21], And there at that time, hundreds of thousands living beings109 [LH 987] will go forth [from the householder life] under the instruction of Maitreya. The Sanskrit editions are missing the first 24 (A) and 30 (B) verses. 101This is following both the Tibetan (LH 986.4; NT 965.5) and Version A: (AMV 19 n.6). Conze (238) similarly has when one jumps on it, it gives way, and becomes soft like the leaves of the cotton tree. They are interpreting as a continuative, whereas I am interpreting it as one of a pair of opposites: rising up () and sinking low (). Shnen-Thieme, Renate. 71 (AMV 14), (LH 983.7, NT 963.3). 162 according to Edition B (AMV 29). AMV 16 n. 5). One of the earliest mention of Maitreya is a Sanskrit text, the "Maitreya-vyakarana" ("The Prophecy of Maitreya") stating that gods, men and other beings will worship Maitreya and will lose their doubts, and the torrents of their cravings will be cut off: "free from all misery, they will manage to cross the ocean of becoming and, as a result of Maitreya's teachings, they will lead a . Their names are the same as the kings who guard them, though in some versions, they are guarded by ngas. Lvi (393) includes this line in his translation. For a brief but interesting discussion of the historical significance of the uposatha, see Sukumar Dutt, Buddhist Monks and Monasteries of India, 104-106. 106 (AMV 20). (13) gives B as the preferred reading, though Majumder says the Tibetan agrees with A, which reads: ) will bathe him with streams of warm and cool water. The Sanskrit critical edition was compile. Bibliotheque de lEcole de Hautes tudes, Sciences Religieuses. Daniel's prophecy of the Seventy Weeks includes the prediction of a final seven year period. I had reviewed my favorite primer, Harts. Literally, desires, not eating, and old age. The translation borrows from Conze (238-239), Three kinds of illness only are known people must relieve their bowels, they must eat, they must get old, and Lvi (391) who has les besoins, linanition, la vieillesse., 28 (AMV 7; LH 980.3; NT 959.7). (Tibetan ) literally translates as outflow and refers to the outflowing of psychic energy toward objects of desire, but is commonly translated as contamination. As a tatpara, (great kings) is a noun ending in short -, which makes it a nominative plural to match (four). Maitreya, the Future Buddha: Edited by Alan Sponberg, Helen Hardacre. In: Lukas Pokorny and Franz Winter, eds. (35), Looking upwards in the four directions, he will proclaim these words: This is my last life. Lamotte, Etienne. advertisement. 105 (AMV 20); () (LH 986.6, NT 965.7). Lvi (393) translates the negative as without stains (souillures); Conze (239), merely all pure. Placed, the impression that this text does indeed stand, as Winternitz described Avadna literature in general, , with one foot in the Hnayna literature, and the other in that of the Mahyna., This would suggest a date of composition slightly earlier than the 400-600 CE of the Gilgit manuscripts. [1] The primary Sanskrit edition used here is -, ed. This is made abundantly clear not only in the teachings that come from the mouth of Maitreya in the story, but in its closing verses (104-107) as well: Thus, when one calms their thoughts by placing them on the conqueror, the sage of the kyas, then you will see the thoroughly enlightened Maitreya, the best of bipeds. The attribution of the text to ryacandra is notable. Lvi has as a divinity (comme une divinit). people flock to the community renouncing the world and becoming monks and nuns, including Maitreyas whole family. Furthermore, I have done it in isolation without consultation of other scholars from any of these traditions. (22) [NT 961], That ruler of men will govern the landwhich will extend without interruption to the limitless oceans46in accordance with the [Buddhist] doctrine. nations will elect M as world leader. They will spread various beautiful flower garlands in his path.143 (89), The people will honor him with parasols, flags, and banners, and the minds of men will be soothed by the pleasant resounding of music.144 (90) [27], And akra (Indra), the thousand-eyed145 king of the gods, the husband of ach,146 bristling with delight, will cup his hands together147 and praise the Conqueror Maitreya,148 (91), I do homage to you, noble blooded one! So, [when] one places their thoughts on the Doctrine, the Buddha. For the sake of practice, I refrained from using Lvis translation until I had made a first draft, The translation here was done from the critical Sanskrit manuscript using the Tibetan translations as a reference, except for the beginning where the Sanskrit manuscripts are missing some pages, . 22 n. 7; LH 987.4-987.5; NT 966.6-966.7). 69Edition A adds a verse here: And on that day pregnant women will deliver. Sponberg, Alan, Helen Hardacre, and Princeton University. But there are a few Buddhist prophecies that are more specific to the time when the Maitreya will arise: "After my decease, first will occur the five disappearances. It is surprising he does not notice that the addition of the word would break the metre of the verse (anuubh, 4 verse of 8 syllables), but perhaps the text is so irregular in this regard such deviation is commonplace. (32b)57, He will be unsoiled by the crud of the womb like a water-lily [is unsoiled] by [dirty] water. 23) = seized, filled, taken possession of, encompassed, 23). MW Monier-Williams, Sanskrit Dictionary. I am following Lvi (394) here: Et, accompagne du meme nombre de personnes. Tibetan has at the forefront of an equal number of Brhmaas (, LH 986.5, NT 965.6-965.7). (AMV 12 n. 2). Out of the 108 verses of the text only two are devoted to describing Maitreyas doctrine, and these are simply a summary of the Four Noble Truths. It is because you placed your vows in the teachings of the Lion of the kya clan and have in fact thoroughly guarded them that you have indeed come into my teachings. 4Winternitz, History of Indian Literature, p. 277. Winternitz claims that this text was also known as the. ) Louvain-la-Neuve: Universit catholique de Louvain, Institut orientaliste, 1988. http://search.lib.virginia.edu/catalog/u1669356. To a vast audience that stretches for miles, donating to monasteries, worshiping at Stupas, and, These words are put in the mouth of Maitreya, whereas the Four Noble Truths are presented, Buddhist community and the future audience of Maitreya, It is a story written primarily for lay Buddhist practitioners saying to them. Login . These are the Buddhist Pure Lands that the highest realm of cyclic existence. (9) [LH 980] [6], And the trees will be a league wide, loaded with leaves, flowers and fruit, and in those days their lifespan will be 80,00025 years. This important Hindu sub-tradition is known as Vaishnavite Hinduism (i.e. 168 (AMV 30). An announcement from the organization says that a great miracle will soon appear. 37 (AMV 9; LH 981.1; NT 960.5) Lvi (391) translates this as the height of happiness (au fate du bonheur). (9), And the trees will be a league wide, loaded with leaves, flowers and fruit, and in those days their lifespan will be 80,000. Hajima Nakamura, Indian Buddhism: A Survey with Bibliographic Notes, ed. Version B has will go forth in renunciation and is the reading preferred by Prof. Majumder (AMV 19). Edition A has By way of height, his body will be 80 hands; his width, twenty hands, [and] the circle of his face, half of that ( , AMV 15, n. 4; LH 984.4-984.5, NT 963.7). That Maitreya, the highest of people, accompanied by the 84,000 [followers] will leave to go forth in renunciation. The text focused on here, as the title makes explicit, concerns the prophecy of the future enlightenment of the Bodhisattva Maitreya. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1989. four verses about Indra, the midwife, and the mother. One of Muhammad's followers, Salman, a Persian was sitting near Him. This and the following verse are missing from the Tibetan. Antichrist to appear at time of catastrophic events. See note 31. Buddha, who was sent to India, spoke to a Hindu audience, in terminology that they could relate to and . From 1984, at 33 years old, He returned to Nepal, India, and Tibet/China; and in Northern California He established His Planetary Ashram allowing many hundreds of Monasteries to come under His Direct Mastery as Tulku Buddha . 98Version A combines verses 58 & 59 in a different way: Suffering, the arising of suffering, the complete passing beyond suffering, the holy eightfold path that is peaceful and leads to nirvaseeing that the crowd is well-disposed, he will relate these truths. Finally, a word on the translation. 118The Buddhist community. Also, I personally do not like the use of Sanskrit words within an English translation unless those wordslike Buddha, nirva, and karmahave become common loan words in English. Leaving out the midwife but consistent with Indra snatching the baby in verse 34, version A translates: Thrilled indeed, the thousand-eyed, king of the gods, husband of ac will take that youth with the thirty-two marks.